| She is described in the scriptures as old as the Rig-Veda, YajurVeda,
and Taittiriya Upanishad as "Durga", the divine protectress
of all living creatures against the peril of evil and destructive
forces, and the defender of the heavens against the onslaught of
demons. She is also worshipped as "Mahakali, Chandi, Gouri"
and by a thousand other names.
Mother "Shakti" also worshipped as "kali', the
Dark Form, symbolizes the eternal force holding the past, the
present and the future or "Maha Kal" together. Goddess
Durga is also worshipped regularly in various forms and callings,
such as "Jagat-dhatri" the deliveress of the world,
as the goddess with four arms, sitting on a lion; "Annapurna",
the munificent goddess, or Lord Shiva's consort, "Parvati"
the daughter of the Himalayas, "Chandi" or "Chamunda
Devi", also called "Chhinnamasta" in Haryana, and
known as "kamakhya Devi" in Assam.
The inherent "power" of the Trinity is the primeaval
feminine power "Adya-Shakti" (Cosmic energy) or "Bhavani"
(mother soul of the universe). The great sages variously explained
this relationship as the inseparable properties or ideas, like
water and its fluidity, like milk and its whiteness, like gems
and their glow and like the oceans and its waves. This inseparable
identity of the goddess Shakti with the Parama-Brahman is implied
in Her being called "Chandi" or "Chamunda-Devi"
(which in Sanskrit means Chit- Shakti, or the power of the supreme
soul beyond the bounds of time and space). She is also worshipped
as "Narayanee", the intrinsic power of "Narayan"
or Lord Vishnu. Calling Shakti as "Katyayani" reminisces
Her appearance in the hermitage of the very ancient sage name
Katyayan in the Himalayan mountains, who worshipped the mother
with utmost devotion.
One of the anicient narrative literature entitled "Markandeya
Purana" narrates the glory of the goddess in her spectacular
victory in heaven-shaking battles against the inveterate demons.
The most widely worshipped form is " Mahishasura Mardhini',
the destroyer of the demon who took the disguise of a buffalo.
In this form, Durga Devi was worshipped by the heroes of two great
Indian epics, the Mahabharata and the Ramayana. In Ramayan, Lord
Rama worshipped Durga Devi to seek the power for his conquest
of Lanka of the demon king Ravana who had kidnapped his wife Sita.
In Mahabharat, Lord Krishna advised the eldest of the Pandava
brothers, Yudhishthir, to invoke the blessings of Durga Devi at
the start of the battle of Kurukshetra. Thus, we can see that
in both epics, the victory of "truth" over "evil"
is indirectly attributed to the blessings of Durga Devi. In our
times, the great celebrations of "Dussera " in the month
of October, accompanied by worship of Durga Devi, is the reenactment
of Lord Rama's worship and victory with the goddess's blessings.
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